1. Select the Volume to be saved For each Partition, you see detailed Information. Select the Drive you want to back up, then click Next Drive The usual Windows drive letter (C:, D:,...) HD (HardDisk) The hard disk, which hosts this drive (in case you have more then one hard disk). PartNo The Partition number and type, primary or logical PartStart The Partition's location on the physical disk PartSize ... and its size P... (Partitionstyp) Label the volume's name FS (FileSystem) is usually FAT16, FAT32, or NTFS Size The size in the Partition that is used by the file system, regardless of how full the file system is. Usually, it's slightly smaller then the Partsize above, and can never be larger. However it's entirely legal to have a logical, used size much smaller then the available space in the partition. Used The amount of used data, that will have to be saved Free free space .
Thursday, 29 September 2011
Exploring the created Snapshot disk image is extremely simple and powerful : use the normal Windows explorer - or any other program you like. Snapshot achieves this by creating a virtual drive - like W: - usable by any Windows program. This virtual drive can be used by the normal Windows Explorer. Here are Screenshots how to view a saved disk image. Main use: You can view/compare files without restoring them first. First you have to select the disk image you want to explore. You see some information about the saved disk at the time of Backup to help you to find the right image, should there be more than one. Additionally, you may choose the drive letter the virtual drive shall have; Drive Snapshot will automatically use the highest drive letter available (Z:). Click Map and Explore Virtual Drive to mount the drive and start the Windows Explorer on the drive. Click Map Virtual Drive to mount the drive only without starting Windows Explorer. Partial Restore You can do a partial Restore, simply by dragging and dropping files with Windows Explorer. And, since it's a virtual drive, the image can be used by any other Windows/DOS program, not just an 'explorer like' browser. Simply use the tools you like most to view/compare/restore files. When viewing a saved NTFS partition, the virtual drive will have exactly the same security attributes, owner ship, compressed state, encrypted state,... as the original disk. Performance Snapshot virtual disk has performance similar to a real disk. Depending on the conditions, expect 50-120% of the speed of the real disk (yes, sometimes it's faster:-). For instance, Win2K backup will back up my Win2K System disk in 7:43; while saving the same drive as a virtual disk takes 10:28, or about 35% slower. Most important - it will never feel slow.
Snapshot - DiskImaging for Windows NT/2000/XP/2003 Test the Snapshot Userinterface SnapShot is disk imaging software that enables the user to back up, restore and view backed up hard disk data, easily and safely. Using WindowsNT driver technology, Snapshot brings two new features to disk imaging: 1. Snapshot Backup - create disk images while Windows is running This allows the user to work in his usual environment when backing up his data. Any device suitable for file storage can be used for the image destination, like your local drive, a network drive or any removable drive And - most important - the image will be an industrial quality image, even though WinNT constantly writes to the disk. The user may continue to work normally, while a backup operation is in progress; the image will still be valid and consistent. This enables one of the most important things in backup business: backup often It is even possible to make an image backup for servers, that must be online 24 hours a day. More details about Snapshot Backup Snapshot Backup - Main use Snapshot Backup is aimed at the backup/disaster recovery market. There is little use for on the fly disk image creation, if you want to deploy hundreds or thousands of workstations. We think however, that the possibility to do on the fly backup is very important for the end user to regularly protect his data. At least, this was our reason to create Snapshot. No need to shut down and boot from floppy, no need to create network disks, and no need to wait half an hour for the backup process - we think that's nice. 2. Snapshot View - Explore saved disk images the friendly way The image file is presented to the user as a virtual drive. This virtual drive can be used like any other drive, using any Windows program, be it Explorer, Norton Commander, or your favourite MP3 Player. More details about Snapshot Image Explorer Snapshot View - Main use Snapshot View is a very easy and powerful method to explore disk images. This technique could be easily adapted to disk images created by other disk imaging programs. Compatibility SnapShot works on WinNT4, Win2000, WinXP and 2003 Server. You need administrative rights to use Snapshot.
Snapshot - DiskImage Backup for Windows NT Screenshots Snapshot is easy to use The Snapshot user interface is Windows Wizard-like with few surprises, even to inexperienced users. Anything with a drive letter (like C:, E:) can be backuped. Anything with a drive letter (like X:) can be used for the image destination. See some Screenshots of a backup operation. Snapshot can be used often For DOS based image backup, the user has to stop his work, boot into a different configuration, wait for the backup to finish, then boot Windows again. With Snapshot, there is no need to reboot. Simply start Snapshot, then continue to work normally. This enables one of the most important things in backup business: backup often It is even possible to make image backup for servers, that must be online 24 hours a day. Snapshot is safe to use The problem with Windows based disk imaging is that Windows may constantly write to the disk, even with no user interaction. As the image creation takes some time, you may end up with a disk image that partially reflects the disk status at program start, partially at a later time. Snapshot handles this. Once Snapshot has been started, you may continue to work, delete anything on the disk, install new programs,... The created image will always reflect the disk status at program start. Compatible Snapshot is compatible with Windows NT 4.0, 2000, XP, 2003, Vista, 2003, 7, 2008, 2008 R2, PE, x64 all file systems supported by WinNT/Win2K (FAT16,FAT32,NTFS). Linux Ext2/Ext3/Ext4/Reiser (but no explore possible) any IDE/SCSI/USB/...local disk drive. If WinNT can access it, Snapshot will back it up. any disk mirroring/striping/spanning/RAID scheme. Windows 2000 basic and dynamic disks. Fast and efficient Both speed and image size are data and configuration dependent. In short: Snapshot saves about 400 MB/min on a P700, and ~1,5 GB/min on a P4 4GHz. The compressed image size is comparable to the best other DOS-based disk imaging products. More of detailed performance data can he found here. How it works Any disk image program takes some time to run. Depending on computer speed and disk size, this take a few minutes to a few hours. So a 1GB disk on a P200 will take ~10 minutes to store, and ~1 minute on a P4 4GHz. As WinXX constantly writes to the disk, what do you get? SnapShot takes the image at a certain point of time. When SnapShot gets started, it will take some time to collect information about the disk to be saved, such as disk size, used disk space,... Then the OS is instructed to write all data from the disk caches. And then, Snapshot takes the SnapShot. All you will get in your Disk Image is what is at this very moment on your disk. What's on the disk is saved; nothing else. If you would POWER OFF the computer at this moment and make the image from DOS, you would get exactly the same. Because we flushed all data to the disk, Windows will boot without CHKDSK, because the data on the disk are consistent. You would lose the changes of any open (unsaved) files, of course, but the original would be exist and be valid. The magic The idea is simple: By using WindowsNT Driver technology, Snapshot chains itself between the file system and the disk driver so that it will see any request to the disk. When any WRITE request is detected, before the data are saved, the data are read first from the disk and saved, before the WRITE request is allowed to proceed. So the data are completely safe against change; and this allows the user to work while Snapshot is running and no changes will be reflected in the image produced. Whatever happens, the image will contain the disk data at start time. You may work as usual, clean up the disk, install/uninstall Software, or even catch a virus of his choice. SnapShot even tries to minimize its influence on other programs. Snapshot uses about 7MB of memory during Backup, 0 bytes when not activ. Snapshot runs at low priority, giving the foreground application as many CPU cycles as needed. As SnapShot uses a huge amount of disk IO (~40 MB/sec for a Pentium IV 3 GHz), Snapshot would bring down a typical Windows program start to a crawl. So Snapshot watches for any user disk activity and will pause for a short while, so the user application runs at nearly full speed. However, SnapShot still makes sure that no unsaved data are overwritten. In this case, SnapShot will buffer these data up to a few Megabytes in memory, and then simply delay the application, until these data have been saved to the SnapShot destination. This won't happen often, as applications tend to modify the same data over and over again, like a database's index files. These data will be saved the first time a change is detected and later requests will proceed at normal speed.
SCHEDULER - Geplante Tasks more Tips Instead of developing yet another scheduler, we prefer to use the built-in Windows Scheduler; that's one less thing to worry about. Usage Win2000/WindowsXP (for WinNT4, use AT/WinAT): Start -> Settings-> Control Panel-> Scheduled Tasks-> Add scheduled Task Start->Settings->Control Panel->Scheduled Tasks->Add scheduled Task [Browse] and insert "C:\Program Files\Snapshot\Snapshot.exe" (*) weekly and [*] Monday [*] Friday und enter a user name that has administrative rights on the local machine, and possibly can access (with this account) a network server. [*] advanced properties, and [finish] in the following dialog, enter: either [start] 'c:\programs\snapshot\SNAPSHOT.exe C: X:\C-DRIVE.SNA or (much more powerful and flexible) [start] 'cmd /c c:/programs/snapshot/SuperDuperBackup.BAT'' more Tips
Tuesday, 2 August 2011
DHCP reservation is the process using which you can tell DHCP server to provide a particular IP address to a particular machine only. For example, you can specify that whenever Client1 computer requests for an IP address from the DHCP server it gets 192.168.0.24 IP address only. Also, after this type of configuration this IP address will not be assigned to any machine other than Client1 computer. Reservation configuration process involves mapping of an IP address with the physical address (MAC address) of the client computer. You can configure your DHCP server for reservations by following the steps given below:
1. On DHCP server log on with Administrator account.
2. Click on Start button.
3. From start menu go to Administrative Tools and from the sub-menu click on DHCP.
4. In DHCP snap-in expand the scope for which you want to configure reservations and from the list right-click on Reservations.
5. From the context menu select New Reservation.
6. On the New Reservation box type the name of the reservation in Reservation name text box.
7. Specify the IP address that you want to reserve for the client computer. (Note: After the reservation wizard is completed this IP address will not assigned to any other machine except for which it is configured.)
8. In MAC address field type the MAC address of the client computer for which you want to reserve this IP address. Optionally you can type description in Description field and click on Add button to create new reservation.
9.
DHCP Reservations
10. Click on Close button to close New Reservation box.
11. In DHCP snap-in in the right pane you will find a newly created reservation when you will click on Reservations on the tree in the left pane.
Additional Info:
You can find MAC address of a client computer by typing ipconfig /all command at the command prompt on it or by typing arp –a command at command prompt on the server from where you will get clients’ IP addresses and their respective MAC addresses from Address Resolution Protocol (ARP) cache.
Incoming search terms:
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URL: http://www.pctips3000.com/how-to-specify-dhcp-reservations-in-windows-server-2003/
Sunday, 24 July 2011
http://www.cisco.com/en/US/prod/switches/networking_solutions_products_genericcontent0900aecd806c7afe.pdf
Managed Switch :
Managed switches give you more control over your LAN traffic and offer
advanced features to control that traffic.
An unmanaged switch simply allows Ethernet devices to communicate with one another, such as a
PC or network printer, and those are typically what we call “plug and play.” They are shipped with a
fixed configuration and do not allow any changes to this configuration.
An unmanaged switch allows devices to talk to each other, but that is pretty much all
that they do?
Managed switches provide all the features of an unmanaged switch and provide the
ability to configure, manage, and monitor your LAN. And this gives you greater control over how
data travels over the network and who has access to it.
Also, managed switches use protocols such as the Simple Network Management Protocol, or what
we call SNMP, for monitoring the devices on the network. SNMP is a protocol that facilitates the
exchange of management information between network devices. SNMP queries can determine the
health of the network or the status of a particular device. By displaying this data in an easily
understood format, IT managers located at a central site can monitor the performance of the
network and quickly detect and repair network problems without having to physically interact with
the switch.
So SNMP allows me to remotely monitor my network devices, and I don’t have to
go to the site to make changes or troubleshoot the switch?
Ok, let’s talk about costs. I understand that managed switches are more expensive than
unmanaged switches. Why should one pay more for a managed switch?
It’s true that a managed switch is more expensive than an unmanaged switch. However,
there are many additional features you get with a managed switch, such as quality of service,
virtual LANs, redundancy, and port mirroring.
These features help provide control over the traffic traveling over the switch.
Maybe we can take a few minutes to go through each of these features and their benefits so you
can get a better understanding of them.
All right, then, we’ll start with quality of service. Quality of service allows you to prioritize
your network traffic by assigning a higher priority to critical traffic. This helps ensure consistent
network performance and can support delay-sensitive data such as real-time voice. For instance, if
I know I have voice packets traveling over my network, I want to make sure they have the highest
priority so that these voice packets don’t get dropped or delayed and mangle the phone
conversation.
I know what you’re talking about. It’s so frustrating to miss half of what a caller is
saying. What about virtual LANs, VLANs?
VLANs allow a switch to logically group devices together to isolate traffic between these
groups even when the traffic is passing over the same physical switch. This segmentation and
isolation of network traffic help reduce unnecessary traffic. For instance, you can segment traffic
between your finance and marketing groups, so that mission-critical finance information can flow
without delay to the finance users and get bogged down by marketing traffic. This allows better
network performance and in many cases provides an additional level of security.
Another important feature of a managed switch is redundancy. Redundancy provides the ability to
safeguard a network in case a connection or cable fails by providing an alternate data path for
traffic. Managed switches incorporate what is called Spanning Tree Protocol standard, or STP, to
provide path redundancy in the network. Using the spanning-tree algorithm, STP provides
redundant paths while preventing loops that are created by multiple active paths between switches.
STP allows for one active path at a time between two network devices, preventing loops and
establishing the redundant links as a backup to keep integrated systems available and preventing
expensive downtime, which network admins can appreciate.
And, finally, there is port mirroring. In conjunction with a network analyzer, this feature is useful to
diagnose problems. It copies the switch network traffic and forwards it to a single port on the same
switch for analysis by a network analyzer. You can use the analyzer on a monitor port to
troubleshoot network problems by examining traffic on other ports or segments. The benefit of this
is you can troubleshoot problems without taking the network out of service
I can see how they can improve network
performance and give users a more consistent experience with their network.
But why should someone consider using a managed switch?
Each business needs to evaluate the needs of their network. When their network
requirements have evolved to the point where they would like to have some input and control over
the behavior of traffic on their LAN, then it is a good time to consider a managed switch. Also, if you
are planning to deploy advanced services such as wireless LANs or IP telephony in the near future,
managed switches can lay the foundation for these technologies.
Some of the uls may be useful :
http://www.cisco.com/go/switching.
http://www.cisco.com/go/switching
Managed Switch :
Managed switches give you more control over your LAN traffic and offer
advanced features to control that traffic.
An unmanaged switch simply allows Ethernet devices to communicate with one another, such as a
PC or network printer, and those are typically what we call “plug and play.” They are shipped with a
fixed configuration and do not allow any changes to this configuration.
An unmanaged switch allows devices to talk to each other, but that is pretty much all
that they do?
Managed switches provide all the features of an unmanaged switch and provide the
ability to configure, manage, and monitor your LAN. And this gives you greater control over how
data travels over the network and who has access to it.
Also, managed switches use protocols such as the Simple Network Management Protocol, or what
we call SNMP, for monitoring the devices on the network. SNMP is a protocol that facilitates the
exchange of management information between network devices. SNMP queries can determine the
health of the network or the status of a particular device. By displaying this data in an easily
understood format, IT managers located at a central site can monitor the performance of the
network and quickly detect and repair network problems without having to physically interact with
the switch.
So SNMP allows me to remotely monitor my network devices, and I don’t have to
go to the site to make changes or troubleshoot the switch?
Ok, let’s talk about costs. I understand that managed switches are more expensive than
unmanaged switches. Why should one pay more for a managed switch?
It’s true that a managed switch is more expensive than an unmanaged switch. However,
there are many additional features you get with a managed switch, such as quality of service,
virtual LANs, redundancy, and port mirroring.
These features help provide control over the traffic traveling over the switch.
Maybe we can take a few minutes to go through each of these features and their benefits so you
can get a better understanding of them.
All right, then, we’ll start with quality of service. Quality of service allows you to prioritize
your network traffic by assigning a higher priority to critical traffic. This helps ensure consistent
network performance and can support delay-sensitive data such as real-time voice. For instance, if
I know I have voice packets traveling over my network, I want to make sure they have the highest
priority so that these voice packets don’t get dropped or delayed and mangle the phone
conversation.
I know what you’re talking about. It’s so frustrating to miss half of what a caller is
saying. What about virtual LANs, VLANs?
VLANs allow a switch to logically group devices together to isolate traffic between these
groups even when the traffic is passing over the same physical switch. This segmentation and
isolation of network traffic help reduce unnecessary traffic. For instance, you can segment traffic
between your finance and marketing groups, so that mission-critical finance information can flow
without delay to the finance users and get bogged down by marketing traffic. This allows better
network performance and in many cases provides an additional level of security.
Another important feature of a managed switch is redundancy. Redundancy provides the ability to
safeguard a network in case a connection or cable fails by providing an alternate data path for
traffic. Managed switches incorporate what is called Spanning Tree Protocol standard, or STP, to
provide path redundancy in the network. Using the spanning-tree algorithm, STP provides
redundant paths while preventing loops that are created by multiple active paths between switches.
STP allows for one active path at a time between two network devices, preventing loops and
establishing the redundant links as a backup to keep integrated systems available and preventing
expensive downtime, which network admins can appreciate.
And, finally, there is port mirroring. In conjunction with a network analyzer, this feature is useful to
diagnose problems. It copies the switch network traffic and forwards it to a single port on the same
switch for analysis by a network analyzer. You can use the analyzer on a monitor port to
troubleshoot network problems by examining traffic on other ports or segments. The benefit of this
is you can troubleshoot problems without taking the network out of service
I can see how they can improve network
performance and give users a more consistent experience with their network.
But why should someone consider using a managed switch?
Each business needs to evaluate the needs of their network. When their network
requirements have evolved to the point where they would like to have some input and control over
the behavior of traffic on their LAN, then it is a good time to consider a managed switch. Also, if you
are planning to deploy advanced services such as wireless LANs or IP telephony in the near future,
managed switches can lay the foundation for these technologies.
Some of the uls may be useful :
http://www.cisco.com/go/switching.
http://www.cisco.com/go/switching
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